May 11, 2011 — Breast-feeding is linked to fewer behavioral problems in childhood, according to the results of the Millennium Cohort Study reported Online First May 9 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
根据千禧前瞻研究项目的研究结果，母乳喂养与儿童行为问题发生率下降相关。报道发表在5月9日的《儿童疾病档案》中。
"Few large prospective studies of the association between infant feeding and child behaviour have been undertaken and overall these studies have had inconsistent findings," write Katriina Heikkil?, from the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in Helsinki, and colleagues. "...It is possible that increased intake of essential fatty acids from breast milk leads to improved neurological development and behavioural learning and thus fewer behavioural problems. Breast feeding may also lead to more mother–baby interaction and better communication, thus improving behavioural learning and development. "
芬兰赫尔辛基职业健康研究所的Katriina Heikkil?教授写道：“目前仍然缺乏婴儿喂养与儿童行为联系相关的前瞻性研究，而已有的研究所得的结果也不尽相同。母乳必须脂肪酸摄入的增加可能改善神经系统发育和行为学习能力，从而减少行为问题。母乳喂养可以增加母婴交流，同时也促进行为学习与发展。”
The goal of the study was to assess whether breast-feeding is associated with behavioral development in children at age 5 years, using data from a large, prospective, nationally representative UK cohort predominantly of white ethnic background. Of 10,037 mother-child pairs included in the analyses, 9525 were term children and 512 were preterm children.
研究目的是通过全英大范围、前瞻性的队列研究，评价母乳喂养是否与5岁儿童的行为发育有关。人群主要为白人。在10037对被纳入研究的母婴中，9525个儿童是足月产，512个儿童是早产儿。
At study baseline, when the children were 9 months old, parental interview was used to determine duration of breast-feeding (at all or exclusively). When the children were 5 years old, child behavior was evaluated with use of a parent-completed questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
研究基线，当儿童均为9月龄，利用家长访问来判定母乳喂养的时长。当儿童5岁时，儿童行为通过家长填写SDQ调查问卷进行评估。
The associations of breast-feeding duration with abnormal parent-rated SDQ total and subscores at age 5 years in term and preterm children were evaluated separately with logistic regression.
母乳喂养时长与5岁龄足月/不足月儿SDQ不正常结果的总分及各项得分分别用logistic回归进行分析。
Compared with preterm children, term children were less likely to have abnormal SDQ scores (1129/9525, 12% vs 78/512, 15%). Compared with children who were never breast-fed, term children who were breast-fed for at least 4 months had lower odds of an abnormal total SDQ score (2741/9525, 29% vs 3292/9525, 35%; multivariable adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54 - 0.83). Findings were similar for all SDQ subscores.
相对于不足月儿，足月儿在SDQ中得分不正常的概率要低一点（两者分别为1129/9525, 12%、78/512, 15%）。与从未接受母乳喂养的儿童相比，母乳喂养至少4个月的足月儿在SDQ评分中不正常的概率更低（两种发生率分别为2741/9525, 29%、3292/9525, 35%；多变量校正优势比为0.67，95%置信区间为0.54 - 0.83）。在SDQ的各项评分中，得出的结果与总分的情况类似。
Despite imprecise effect estimates, longer duration of breast-feeding in preterm children was associated with lower odds of abnormal SDQ total and subscores overall. Both exclusive breast-feeding and any breast-feeding had similar associations with abnormal SDQ scores.
尽管效应估计不精确，不足月儿母乳喂养时间越长，SDQ不正常得分可能性越低。全母乳喂养与任何形式的母乳喂养显示出相似的结果。
Limitations of this study include possible residual confounding from unmeasured confounders; reliance on interviews with the mother to determine breast-feeding duration; and lack of generalizability to multiple births, extremely premature children, and children from other ethnic backgrounds.
此项研究的局限在于可能存在来自未测量混杂因素导致的残差混杂，对母亲回忆母乳喂养时长访问的依赖导致较大的主观变异，未包括多胎、极早产儿与其他种族背景。
"The findings suggest that, at least in term children, longer duration of breast feeding is associated with fewer parent-rated behavioural problems in children aged 5 years," the study authors write.
本文作者写道：“此项研究提示，起码是对足月儿，母乳喂养时间越长，在5岁时儿童行为问题出现的可能性越低。”
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